Scholarships and Grants
Paying for college doesn’t have to be overwhelming—scholarships and grants can make higher education way more affordable. The best part? Unlike student loans, you don’t have to pay them back, which makes them the most desirable form of financial aid. But what’s the difference between the two? Simply put, scholarships are usually awarded based on merit—like academic success, sports skills, or special talents. Grants, on the other hand, are typically need-based and depend on your family’s financial situation.
If you’re aiming for a debt-free degree, you’ll want to understand how scholarships and grants work—and how to get them. Sure, they’re not always easy to find, but scoring money for college isn’t impossible. You just need to know where to look, how to apply, and how to make your application shine.
This guide covers everything you need to know about scholarships and grants, including:
- Proven strategies to find awards that match your background, goals, and interests
- Where to look—from local opportunities to national programs (like Scholarship America)
- The best scholarship websites and tools to simplify your search
- Different types of aid, including university scholarships, no-essay scholarships, and full-ride awards
- A list of top scholarships for high school seniors, like the Gates Millennium Scholarship and Coca-Cola Scholars Program
- Step-by-step advice on applying for scholarships and grants
By the end, you’ll have all the tools you need to confidently chase scholarships and grants—and maybe even cut out student loans completely.
Understanding Scholarships vs. Grants
At first glance, scholarships and grants might seem the same, but they serve different purposes and have different eligibility rules.
Scholarships are mostly merit-based, meaning they reward your achievements—whether that’s top grades, athletic talent, artistic skills, leadership, or even unique hobbies. Many scholarships ask you to prove these strengths through essays, transcripts, portfolios, or interviews.
Grants, on the other hand, are usually need-based. To qualify, you’ll often need to submit financial info through forms like the FAFSA (Free Application for Federal Student Aid) or CSS Profile. These help schools and organizations decide if you qualify for aid.
That said, the line between scholarships and grants isn’t always clear. Some awards mix merit and need—like requiring both good grades and financial hardship. This hybrid approach is common with government and university scholarships.
Plus, some scholarships focus on specific groups—like first-gen students, underrepresented communities, or those pursuing certain majors. Knowing your strengths and financial situation will help you find the best opportunities.
Understanding the difference (and overlap) between scholarships and grants means you can apply for more opportunities. Whether you’re going for quick no-essay scholarships or competitive full-ride awards, knowing what you’re applying for boosts your chances of success.
Do You Have to Pay Back Scholarships and Grants?
The best thing about scholarships and grants? You don’t have to pay them back. That goes for both merit-based and need-based aid—they’re considered “gift aid.” Student loans, on the other hand, must be repaid (with interest), often becoming a financial burden after graduation.
But there’s a catch: Some awards come with conditions. You might need to keep a certain GPA, take a minimum number of credits, or stay in a specific program. If you don’t meet these requirements—or drop out—you might have to repay part (or all) of the award.
This is especially true for university scholarships tied to your grades or enrollment. Government scholarships might also have strict rules to stay eligible.
Bottom line? While scholarships and grants are usually free money, always read the fine print. Knowing the terms helps you avoid surprises and keep your funding secure.
Finding Scholarships and Grants for College
Knowing where to look is key to reducing student debt. Here are the best places to search:
1. School Resources
- Check with your high school’s guidance office—they often know about local scholarships.
- Reach out to college financial aid offices for details on university-specific aid.
2. Online Search Tools
Websites like Fastweb, Cappex, and Scholarship America match you with scholarships based on your profile. Many let you create an account for personalized matches.
3. Community Opportunities
Don’t overlook local options! Civic groups, religious organizations, and even employers sometimes offer scholarships. These are often less competitive and can add up.
Pro Tip: Keep track of deadlines and requirements with a spreadsheet. Staying organized saves time and stress.
How to Find the Best Scholarships for You
Winning scholarships starts with knowing your strengths. Ask yourself:
- Academic performance: Are your grades or test scores strong? (Example: National Merit Scholarship)
- Major/career goals: Are there awards for your field? (Example: STEM students can apply for the SMART Scholarship.)
- Hobbies/talents: Are you into arts, sports, or niche interests? There are scholarships for everything!
- Background: Many awards support underrepresented groups (e.g., Hispanic Scholarship Fund).
- Volunteer work/leadership: Have you held leadership roles or done community service?
- Financial need/life challenges: Some scholarships help students who’ve overcome hardships.
There are even quirky scholarships (like ones for left-handed students or vegans!). The key? Focus on what makes you unique.
Best Scholarship Websites
These platforms make searching easier:
- Fastweb – Huge database with personalized matches.
- Bold.org – Unique, niche scholarships with quick-apply options.
- College Board’s BigFuture – Great for linking scholarships to your college list.
- Cappex – Compares awards side by side.
- Scholarship America – Focuses on equitable access to aid.
Tips for Success:
- Fill out your profile completely for better matches.
- Use filters (award amount, deadlines, etc.).
- Apply early and often—many scholarships roll out year-round.
How to Find Grants for College
Unlike scholarships, many grants just require applying for financial aid. Types include:
- Federal grants (like the Pell Grant) – Based on FAFSA results.
- State grants – For residents attending in-state schools (check your state’s website).
- Institutional grants – Offered by colleges (often based on need or merit).
3 Steps to Apply:
- Complete the FAFSA – Opens the door to federal and state aid.
- Submit the CSS Profile – Required by some private colleges.
- Check your state’s education website – For local grant programs.
Federal Grants and FAFSA
Filing the FAFSA is crucial for grants like:
- Pell Grant – For undergrads with high financial need (max $7,000+/year).
- FSEOG – Extra aid for students with the greatest need (limited funds).
Pro Tip: Submit the FAFSA as soon as it opens (usually October). Some aid is first-come, first-served!
School-Specific Grants
Many colleges offer their own aid. Two main types:
- Merit-based – Awarded through your admissions application.
- Need-based – Requires FAFSA/CSS Profile.
Key Advice:
- Contact the financial aid office for details.
- Check the school’s website for scholarship lists.
- Don’t miss deadlines—late applicants may get no aid!
List of Top Scholarships & Grants
Full-Ride Scholarships
- QuestBridge – Matches high-achieving, low-income students with full scholarships.
- Coolidge Scholarship – Merit-based, covers all costs at any U.S. college.
- Jack Kent Cooke Scholarship – “Last-dollar” aid for high-GPA students with financial need.
Project/Essay-Based Awards
- Breakthrough Junior Challenge – Science video contest ($250K prize).
- Headbang for Science Scholarship – For metalheads in healthcare/physical sciences ($11K).
Government Grants
- Pell Grant – Federal aid for low-income students.
- Cal Grant – For California residents at in-state schools.
School-Specific Awards
- Morehead-Cain (UNC) – Full funding + mentorship.
- Odyssey Scholarship (UChicago) – Covers 100% of need + extras like study abroad.
Most Competitive Scholarships
The biggest awards (like Gates Millennium or Coca-Cola Scholars) are also the toughest. They often require:
- Early deadlines (some in fall!).
- Multiple essays, interviews, and recommendations.
Tip: Balance your list with both competitive and easier-to-win scholarships.
How to Apply for Scholarships & Grants
- Build your list – Use scholarship websites and check back often.
- Gather materials – Resumes, essays, recommendation letters.
- Tailor applications – Highlight what makes you stand out.
Winning Strategies:
- Start early (even before senior year!).
- Stay organized with a tracker.
- Showcase your strengths—don’t be shy!
- Apply to a mix of big and small awards.
- Keep applying—new scholarships pop up all year!
Final Takeaways
Scholarships and grants can drastically cut college costs, but you’ve got to put in the work. Here’s how:
- Use trusted sites like Scholarship America and Fastweb.
- Apply for federal, state, and institutional aid.
- Prep early—essays, resumes, and recommendations take time.
And remember, you can keep applying for scholarships even in college!
Need help? CollegeAdvisor offers free consultations to guide you through the process—from FAFSA to competitive scholarships.